American Health Information Management Association (AHIMA) Certification Practice Exam

Which syndrome often requires the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker due to its characteristics?

1. Atrial fibrillation

2. Atrial flutter

3. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

4. Sick sinus syndrome

The correct answer is: Sick sinus syndrome

Sick sinus syndrome is characterized by a group of symptoms that reflect the malfunctioning of the sinus node, which is responsible for initiating the electrical impulses that regulate the heart's rhythm. This syndrome often results in irregular heartbeats (arrhythmias), including bradycardia (abnormally slow heartbeat) and pauses in heart rhythm, which can lead to insufficient blood flow and may cause symptoms like dizziness, fatigue, and fainting. Due to the risk of significantly impaired heart function stemming from these arrhythmias, the insertion of a permanent cardiac pacemaker is frequently required. A pacemaker helps maintain an appropriate heart rate and rhythm, thus ensuring sufficient blood circulation and reducing the risk of complications associated with the syndrome. In contrast, the other conditions listed—atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia—can often be managed with medication or other treatments rather than necessitating a permanent pacing device. These conditions typically do not produce the consistent, severe bradycardia or pauses in heart rhythm that characterize sick sinus syndrome.